Search results for "Glucose clamp technique"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Influence of glucose control and improvement of insulin resistance on microvascular blood flow and endothelial function in patients with diabetes mel…
2005
The study was performed to investigate the effect of improving metabolic control with pioglitazone in comparison to glimepiride on microvascular function in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.A total of 179 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to one treatment group. Metabolic control (HbA1c), insulin resistance (HOMA index), and microvascular function (laser Doppler fluxmetry) were observed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months.HbA1c improved in both treatment arms (pioglitazone: 7.52 +/- 0.85% to 6.71 +/- 0.89%, p.0001; glimepiride: 7.44 +/- 0.89% to 6.83 +/- 0.85%, p.0001). Insulin-resistance decreased significantly in the pioglitazone group (6.15 +/- 4.05 to 3.85 +/- 1.92, p…
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte membrane fluidity before and after activation in subjects with insulin resistance.
2000
The aim of this research was the evaluation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) membrane fluidity in subjects with insulin resistance. Insulin sensitivity, in fact, may be influenced by plasma membrane fluidity. We enrolled 19 subjects with insulin resistance previously demonstrated during an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. PMN membrane fluidity was studied by labeling intact cells with the fluorescent probe 1-[4-(trimethylamino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene and calculating the fluorescence polarization degree. The measurement was made before and after incubation of PMNs with two activating agents: 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (…
Effects of Glutathione on Red Blood Cell Intracellular Magnesium
1999
Abstract —Recent evidence suggests that the endogenous antioxidant glutathione may play a protective role in cardiovascular disease. To directly investigate the role of glutathione in the regulation of glucose metabolism in hypertension, we studied the acute effects of in vivo infusions of this antioxidant (alone or in combination with insulin) on whole body glucose disposal (WBGD) using euglycemic glucose clamp and the effects on total red blood cell intracellular magnesium (RBC-Mg) in hypertensive (n=20) and normotensive (n=30) subjects. The relationships among WBGD, circulating reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) levels, and RBC-Mg in both groups were evaluated. The in vitro effects…
Hyperinsulinism and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): role of insulin clearance.
2015
PURPOSE: Insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinism are the predominant metabolic defects in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, hyperinsulinism, as well as being compensatory, can also express a condition of reduced insulin clearance. Our aim was to evaluate the differences in insulin action and metabolism between women with PCOS (with normal glucose tolerance) and age- and BMI-matched women with prediabetes (without hyperandrogenism and ovulatory disorders). METHODS: 22 women with PCOS and 21 age/BMI-matched women with prediabetes were subjected to a Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and an Oral Glucose tolerance Test (OGTT). Insulin sensitivity was assessed by the glucose…
Evaluation of B-cell secretion and peripheral insulin resistance during pregnancy and after delivery in gestational diabetes mellitus with obesity
1988
Nine pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were studied. Six normal pregnant women and six normal nonpregnant women were evaluated as control groups. All the women underwent oral glucose tolerance test and glucose clamp during the third trimester of pregnancy and two months after delivery. During OGTT, glucose, C-peptide and insulin plasma levels were determined. C-peptide and insulin values in the late phase of OGTT were higher during pregnancy than after delivery in both groups. In gestational diabetic women, the M-value in the second steady-state during glucose clamp was lower than in controls, both during pregnancy and after delivery. Nevertheless, in both groups the M…
Effects on α- and β-cell function of sequentially adding empagliflozin and linagliptin to therapy in people with type 2 diabetes previously receiving…
2017
Aims The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of sequential treatment escalation with empagliflozin and linagliptin on laboratory markers of alpha- and beta cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) insufficiently controlled on metformin monotherapy. Methods Forty-four patients with T2DM received 25 mg empagliflozin for a duration of one month in an open-label fashion (treatment period (TP 1). Thereafter, patients were randomised to a double-blind add-on therapy with linagliptin 5 mg or placebo (TP 2) for one additional month. Alpha- and beta cell function were assessed with a standardised liquid meal test (LMT) and an intravenous (iv.) glucose challenge. Effi…
Increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in both leg and arm muscles after sprint interval and moderate-intensity training in subjects with type 2…
2017
We investigated the effects of sprint interval training (SIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on glucose uptake (GU) during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp and fatty acid uptake (FAU) at fasting state in thigh and arm muscles in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or prediabetes. Twenty-six patients (age 49, SD 4; 10 women) were randomly assigned into two groups: SIT (n=13) and MICT (n=13). The exercise in the SIT group consisted of 4–6×30 s of all-out cycling with 4- minute recovery and in the MICT group 40- to 60- minute cycling at 60% of VO2peak. Both groups completed six training sessions within two weeks. GU and FAU were measured before and after the intervention wi…
Comparison between euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp and surrogate indices of insulin sensitivity in children with growth hormone deficiency
2018
Objective: Data about the impact of growth hormone treatment (GHT) on insulin sensitivity in children are quite controversial, due to the different surrogate indices that have been used. Design: We evaluated insulin sensitivity through the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, considered the gold standard technique, in 23 children affected by growth hormone deficiency (GHD) at baseline and after 12. months of GHT and in 12 controls with short stature at baseline, and we compared the clamp-derived index (M-value) with the most commonly used surrogate index of insulin sensitivity, as ISI Matsuda, and with circulating plasma markers of insulin sensitivity, as adiponectin and resistin levels. Resu…
Transient chylomicronemia preceding the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes in a young girl with no humoral markers of islet autoimmunity
2004
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the possible causes of diabetes in a young child who presented with hyperglycemia associated with severe hypertriglyceridemia (>166 mmol/l), hypercholesterolemia (>38 mmol/l) and fasting chilomicrons. RESULTS: The patient did not have any of the HLA and autoantibody markers typically associated with type 1 diabetes. A glucose clamp failed to demonstrate insulin resistance (peripheral glucose utilization rate (M)=4.3 mg/kg per min) and there was no family history of type 2 diabetes or maturity onset diabetes in youth. Both fasting and stimulated C-peptide levels, including those in response to i.v. glucagon, were below the limit of detection. This is consiste…
Vergleich des Hypoglykämieempfindens und der hormonellen Gegenregulation während einer kontrollierten Hypoglykämie: Ein Beitrag zur Diagnostik des Hy…
2008
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Diabetics with abnormal hypoglycaemia awareness cannot recognize hypoglycaemic symptoms early and adequately enough to respond, thus endangering in everyday life not only themselves but also others. Thus it is important to diagnose such symptoms early and assess the extent to which the diabetic is at risk of severe hypoglycaemia. This study was designed to contribute to the evaluation of hypoglycaemia awareness in type 1 (IDDM) diabetics. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 57 diabetics (IDDM) awareness of typical hypoglycaemic warning symptoms and of hormonal counterregulation were tested during controlled induced hypoglycaemia. A questionnaire was used to measure at fixed tim…